DRAFT, 12/1/1998

4. DISTRIBUTION, RELEASE, BROADCAST AREA

Contents

Introduction 4A. Preliminary rule
4A1. Punctuation

4B. General rule

4C. Country of distribution, release, broadcast
4C1. Probable, questionable country of distribution, release, broadcast
4C2. Unknown country of distribution, release, broadcast
4C3. Undistributed works

4D. Name of distributor, releaser, broadcaster
4D1. Simultaneous distribution, release, broadcast
4D2. Uncertain distributor, releaser, broadcaster
4D3. Unknown distributor, releaser, broadcaster
4D4. Undistributed works

4E. Date of distribution, release, broadcast
4E1. Date of distribution, release for non-television works
4E2. Dates for television broadcasts
4E2.1. Simultaneous broadcasts
4E3. Copyright or production dates as distribution, release, broadcast dates
4E4. Approximate dates
4E5. Undistributed works

4F. Releases in same year, in different countries and in the same language

4G. Rerelease, reissue information

4H. Distribution, release, broadcast information for versions and editions

Introduction

Moving image materials are made available to the public through methods of distribution, releasing or broadcasting. Distributors or releasing companies perform the function of making moving image materials available. Television networks or stations broadcast television programs. The terms distribution, release, and broadcast are used interchangeably in this manual to mean making a moving image work available. Presents and presenter are ambiguous terms and might refer to distribution. If they relate to distribution, see 4D and 1G3.2. If they do not relate to distribution, see 1G, 1G3.2 and 1G3.3. See the glossary for definitions of all of these terms.

4A. Preliminary rule

4A1. Punctuation

For general instructions on prescribed punctuation, see 0C.

Precede the name of a distributor, releaser, broadcaster, etc., by a space, colon, space.

Precede the date of release or broadcast by a comma.

Precede the country of rerelease or reissue by a space, semicolon, space.

Precede the name of a rereleaser or reissuer by a space, colon, space.

Precede the date of rerelease or reissue by a comma.

End this area with a period unless the area ends with a bracket.

If more than one adjacent element of this area -- country of original release, distributor, and date of original release -- are to be enclosed in square brackets, or square brackets with a question mark, enclose them all in one set of brackets.

               260 ## $a [United States : $b Universal?, $c 193-?]
               260 ## $a [United States] : $b [Universal?], $c [193-?]

4B. General rule

This area is used to record all original release information about the country, company name, and date for the distributing, releasing, and broadcasting of moving image materials regardless of the original country of production. Distribution information describing rereleases or reissues is included subsequently. See 4G. The distribution information for versions is described in 4H.

                245 00 $a Saturday night fever / $c Stigwood Group, Ltd.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : b Paramount Pictures, c 1977.


		245 00 $a Fireside theatre. $p The man who liked to kill / $c
                           Frank Wisbar Productions.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : b NBC, c 1955-06-14.

4C. Country of distribution, release, broadcast

Give the name of the country of distribution, etc., not the city, state, province, etc. in English, whenever possible. In many instances, a moving image work is released in several different cities in the same country simultaneously. If this information is important to an archive, it can be included in a note. See 7B11. Choose the form of the country name in use at the time that the moving image work was distributed. Do not use abbreviations.

		245 04 $a The learning tree / $c Winger Enterprises, Inc. ;
                          directed, produced, written by Gordon Parks.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, $c 1969.
 

		245 00 $a CBS reports. $p Harvest of shame / $c CBS Television.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b CBS Television Network, $c 
                          1960-11-25.

For further information regarding choice of country name, see AACR 2, Chapter 23.2.

Optionally, use the form of the country name transcribed from the work itself or secondary sources in the language and script, wherever feasible, in which it appears.

Optionally, standard abbreviations may be used for the name of the country of production. A few possible abbreviations are noted in AACR 2, Appendix B.14 (U.S., U.K., U.S.S.R.). The International Federation of Library Associations and Institution's Names of States: an Authority List of Language Forms for Catalogue Entries provides a list of standard abbreviations.

4C1. Probable, questionable country of distribution, release, broadcast

If the country of distribution, etc. is probable, give the name of the country enclosed in brackets. If the country of distribution, etc. is questionable, give the name of the country followed by a question mark and enclose both in brackets. Give an explanation in a note, if necessary. See 7B11.

		245 04 $a Der Papiermensch / $c KFV.
		257 ## $a Germany.
		260 ## $a [Germany] : $b KFV, $c 1910.

		245 00 $a Monte Carlo, Monaco / $c Pathé frères.
		257 ## $a France.
		260 ## $a [France?] : $b Pathé frères, $c 1913.

Optionally, give the country of distribution only when it is other than the country of the archive.

4C2. Unknown country of distribution, release, broadcast

If the identification of the country of distribution, etc. is unknown, use the abbreviation "S.l." (sine loco - without place) enclosed in brackets and, if necessary, give further explanation in a note. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a [Vaudeville acts] / $c [production company unknown].
		257 ## $a [S.l.].
		260 ## $a [S.l. : $b s.n., $c 191-]

4C3. Undistributed works

For works that were intended to be distributed but which were never actually distributed, such as a shelved feature film, and for works that were never intended to be distributed, such as home movies, outtakes, unedited footage, do not give a country of distribution or the abbreviation "S.l." Give a date only, as instructed in 4E5.

		245 00 $a [Hawthorne, Charles Webster--home movies]. $p Charles
                          Webster Hawthorne demonstrating at the foot of Law 
                          St., Provincetown.
		257 ## $a United States.
 		260 ## $c [1930]

4D. Name of distributor, releaser, broadcaster

Record the name of distributor, etc. following the country of distribution.

		245 00 $a Chan is missing / $c a Wayne Wang production ;
                           director, producer, writer, editor, Wayne Wang.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b New Yorker Films, $c 1982.

		245 00 $a Sesame Street. $n [1985-04-05] / $c Children's
                          Television Workshop.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b PBS, $c 1985-04-05.

For locally televised programs, use the call letters of the television station as the name of the broadcaster. Do not use place names after the call letters of the television station.

		245 00 $a Wizards report. $n [1998-09-23] / $c Wizards
                           Productions.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b WTTG-TV, $c 1998-09-23.

Optionally, use place names after the call letters of the television station.

4D1. Simultaneous distribution, release, broadcast

If two or more companies distribute a moving image work in the same country and in the same year, give the names in the order they are listed on the work or in secondary sources. Separate the names of distributors by a space, colon, space.

	        245 02 $a L'oie / $c Les Films Gilbert Gratton-Télé Métropole,
                          Inc. ; director, Gilbert Gratton. 
		257 ## $a Canada.
		260 ## $a Canada : $b Bouchard & Associés : $b Thomas Howe        
                          Associates, $c 1978.

For television programs, the date must be the same.

                245 00 $a Presidential campaign briefing special.
                257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b NBC : $b PBS, $c 1987-10-22.

4D2. Uncertain distributor, releaser, broadcaster

If the distributor, etc. is probable, enclose it in brackets. If the distributor is questionable, follow the distributor's name with a question mark and enclose both in brackets. Give an explanation in a note, if necessary. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a Purgatory and paradise / $c Superior Feature Film Co.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b [Superior Feature Film Co.], $c
                          1912.

		245 04 $a The phantom bandit / c Eclair.
		257 ## $a France.
		260 ## $a France : $b [Eclair?], $c 1912.

4D3. Unknown distributor, releaser, broadcaster

If the distributor is unknown, give the abbreviation "s.n." (sine nomine - without name) enclosed in brackets and, if necessary, give further explanation in a note. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a [Unidentified Zouary.  No. 1]
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b [s.n., $c 193-?]

4D4. Undistributed works

For works that were intended to be distributed but which were never actually distributed, such as a shelved feature film, and for works that were never intended to be distributed, such as home movies, outtakes, unedited footage, do not give a distributor, etc. or the abbreviation "s.n." Give a date only, as instructed in 4E5.

		245 00 $a [Hawthorne, Charles Webster--home movies]. p Charles
                          Webster Hawthorne demonstrating at the foot of Law St.,
                          Provincetown.
		257 ## $a United States.
 		260 ## $c [1930]

4E. Date of distribution, release, broadcast

4E1. Date of distribution, release for non-television works

Record the year date related to distribution for works that are not television programs following the name of the distributor.

                245 00 $a Do the right thing / c a Forty Acres and a Mule
                          Filmworks production ; directed, produced and written
                          by Spike Lee.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Universal Pictures, $c 1989.

Optionally, archives may wish to give the month and day, as well as year, for dates related to distribution.

4E2. Dates for television broadcasts

For television broadcasts, record the year, month, and day of the broadcast. Use the form YYYY-MM-DD. If the month and day of the telecast are not available, give the year.

		245 00 $a Eyes on the prize : $b America's civil rights years,
                          1954-1965. $p Fighting back, 1957-1962 / $c a
                          production of Blackside, Inc.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b PBS, $c 1986-11-19.

Optionally, include the time of broadcast in parentheses after the date.

		245 00 $a M*A*S*H. p Tuttle / $c Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b CBS, $c 1973-01-04 (8:00 PM EST).

4E2.1. Simultaneous broadcasts

If there are two or more distributors for a television program and both broadcast it on the same day, use a single YYYY-MM-DD date.

		245 00 $a [News report : $b the assassination of President John
                          F. Kennedy].
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b NBC Television Network : $b CBS
                          Television Network : $b ABC Television Network, $c
                          1963-11-22.

4E3. Copyright or production dates as distribution, release, broadcast dates

If the date of distribution, etc. is unknown, a copyright date or a production date can be used as a probable release date. If both the copyright and production dates are available, use the copyright date instead of the production date. Precede a copyright date with the letter "c." If a production date is used, make a note that the date is a production date.

		245 00 $a New York City in a blizzard / $c Thomas A. Edison, Inc.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Thomas A. Edison, Inc., $c c1902.


		245 00 $a Smoldering sin / $c Roulette.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b [s.n.], $c 1925.
		500 ## $a Date is production date; unable to verify if work 
                          was ever actually released.

4E4. Approximate dates

If no date of distribution, release, telecast, copyright, or production can be determined, give an approximate date enclosed in brackets. If necessary, give an explanation in a note. See 7B11.

                Probable date		[1969]
		Possible date		[1916?]
		Approximate date	[ca. 1960]
		One year or another	[1971 or 1972]
		Span of dates		[between 1906 and 1912]
		Decade certain		[192-]
		Possible decade		[192-?]

If a copyright date or a production date is not used as a probable release date, they may be placed in a note, as appropriate. See 7B11.

4E5. Undistributed works

For works that were intended to be distributed but which were never actually distributed, such as a shelved feature film, and for works that were never intended to be distributed, such as home movies, outtakes, unedited footage, give the year the footage was shot. If the year is unknown, give an approximate year as instructed in 4E4. When possible, a note should be included that further explains the date. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a [Meyer, Eugene and Agnes--home movies. $p Family
                          camping trip in the Canadian Rockies].
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $c [1926]
		500 ## $a Date from notes accompanying film and Pusey, M. 
                          Eugene Meyer, p. 195.

4F. Releases in same year, in different countries and in the same language

For works released in the same year, in different countries and in the same language, include the release information for each country. For works released in different languages, see Chapter 2.

                260  $a Tunisia : $b Tunisian Film Corp., $c 1985 ; $a Egypt :
                        $b Cairo Cinema, Ltd., $c 1985.
			(A Tunisian-Egyptian co-production.)

                260  $a United States : $b Universal Pictures, $c 1979 ; $a
                        Great Britain : $b Universal Pictures, $c 1979.
			(The archive holds the British release copy of a 
                        U.S. film.)

4G. Rerelease, reissue information

A rerelease is a work which is released subsequently to its original release by the original distributor with no modifications to its contents. A reissue is a work which is released subsequently to its original release by a distributor other than the original one with no modifications to its contents.When a work is rereleased or reissued with modifications to its contents, consider it a version and see 4H.

When the archive holds the rerelease or reissue copy, include that distribution information following the original distribution information. Holdings information should be included in the record. For notes, see 7B30.

		245 00 $a Dial M for murder / $c Warner Brothers ; director,
                          Alfred Hitchcock ; written by Frederick Knott.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Warner Brothers, $c 1954 ; $a United
                          States : $b Warner Brothers, $c 1982.
		500 ## $a Archive holds copies of both 1954 original (copy 1) 
                          and 1982 rerelease (copy 2). $5 DLC
			  (If applicable, use institution's local code.)


		245 00 $a Blood orange = $b Three stops to murder / $c Hammer
                          Film Production, Ltd.
		257 ## $a  Great Britain.
		260 ## $a Great Britain : $b Exclusive Films, Ltd., $c 1953 ; $a
                          United States : $b Astor Pictures, $c 1955.
		500 ## $a Released in U.S. as Three stops to murder; archive 
                          holds copies of both original British release (copy 
                          1) and U.S. reissue (copy 2). $5 DLC
 			  (If applicable, use institution's local code.)


		245 00 $a Du Pont show of the week. $p The missing bank of 
                          Rupert X. Humperdink / $c a Talent 
                          Associates-Paramount production.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b NBC Television Network, $c 
                          1964-06-21 ; $a United States : $b NBC Television Network, $c
                          1964-09-06.
		500 ## $a Archive holds rebroadcast copy. $5 DLC
			  (If applicable, use institution's local code.)

If the rerelease or reissue information is available when the archive is describing the original work, but the archive does not hold that copy, that information may be included in a note. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a Celebrating a century : $b the 1876 Philadelphia 
                          Centennial Exhibition / $c Smithsonian Institution, 
                          Office of Telecommunication.
		257 ## $a United States.
                260 ## $a United States : $b National Audiovisual Center, $c 1975.
		500 ## $a Rereleased in 1978 by the National Audiovisual Center.

When the reissue date is unknown, it is not necessary to attempt to give an approximate date. Indicate in a note that the reissue date is unknown.

		260 ## $a United States : $b Paramount Pictures, $c 1941 ; $a
                          United States : $b Astor Pictures.
		500 ## $a Reissue date unknown.

Optionally, the archive or cataloging agency may elect to omit the place of rerelease when it is the same as the place of original release. Similarly, the archive may omit the name of the rereleasing company because, by definition, it is the same as the original releasing company. If both the place of rerelease and the rereleasing company are omitted, give the rerelease date following the original release information separated by a comma.

		245 00 $a Dial M for murder / $c Warner Brothers ; director, 
                          Alfred Hitchcock ; written by Frederick Knott.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Warner Brothers, $c 1954, 1982.

Optionally, if the country of reissue is the same as that of the original release, do not repeat it. If the date of reissue is the same as that of the original release, do not repeat it. If the place or the place and date of reissue are omitted, give the reissuing company following the original release information separated by a space, colon, space.

		245 00 $a Matrimaniac / $c Fine Arts Pictures.
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a  United States : $b Triangle Film Corp., $c 1916 : $b
                          Film Distributors League, $c 1921.

4H. Distribution, release, broadcast information for versions and editions

The distribution information used for a version is for the version or edition itself, not for the original work. Distribution information for the original may be given in a note. See 7B11.

		245 00 $a My fair lady / $c Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
		250 ## $a [Restored version].
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, $c 1994.
		500 ## $a Originally released in 1964 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

		245 00 $a He loved an actress / $c Morgan ; director, Melville
                          Brown.
		250 ## $a [Re-edited version] / $b Biltmore Pictures.
		257 ## $a Great Britain.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Grand National, $c 1938.
		500 ## $a Originally released in Great Britain in a different 
                          version in 1937 under title: Stardust.

		245 00 $a Memories of underdevelopment / $c director and 
                          writer, Tomas Gutierrez Alea.
		250 ## $a [English language subtitled version].
		257 ## $a Cuba.
		260 ## $a United States : $b Tricontinental Film Center, $c 
                          1972.
		500 ## $a Originally released under the title Memorias del
                          subdesarrollo in Cuba in 1968.

Treat a rerelease or reissue of a version or edition like any other rerelease or reissue. See 4G.

	        245 00 $a My fair lady / $c Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
		250 ## $a [Restored version].
		257 ## $a United States.
		260 ## $a United States : $b, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, $c 1994 ; a
                          United States : $b CBS Home Video, $c 1994.
		500 ## $a Originally released in 1964 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
                500 ## $a Archive holds reissue copy of restored version.  $5 DLC
 			  (If applicable, use institution's local code.)


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